这个故事出自古印度的佛教故事集《本生经》第37则，叫《鹧鸪本生》（巴利语 Tittira Jātaka）。「本生」是佛陀前世的故事，据说佛陀在前世就是那只聪明的鹧鸪。佛陀讲这个故事，是劝弟子们尊敬年长的人。同样的故事，也收在佛教律藏的《小品》里。

This story comes from the Jataka tales of ancient India, number 37, called the Tittira Jataka, the Partridge Birth Story. Jataka means a story of the Buddha in a former life, and it is said that in that life the Buddha was the clever partridge. The Buddha told this story to urge his followers to respect their elders. The same story is also found in the Cullavagga, a part of the Buddhist monastic rules.

在不丹、西藏等喜马拉雅地区，这个故事发展成了著名的「和睦四瑞」：在三个朋友之外又加了一只兔子，四个动物一个叠着一个。它常常画在寺庙壁画、佛塔和日常用品上，代表团结，也代表互相尊敬。

In the Himalayan regions such as Bhutan and Tibet, this story grew into the famous Four Harmonious Friends. A hare was added to the three friends, and the four animals stand on top of each other. The picture is often painted on temple walls, on stupas and on everyday objects, and it stands for unity and for mutual respect.

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